Büyüyen Yoksulluk ve Yoksunluk Sorunu Karsısında Đnsan Hakları

Abstract

Ozet: Kuresellesme surecinde bir yanda zenginlik ote yanda yoksullugun artmasi gibi bir olgu ile karsilasilmasi, yoksullugun uluslararasi kuruluslarca yeniden “kesfedilmesine” yol aciyor. Ozellikle BM’in yoksulluk ile insan haklari arasinda iliski kurdugu da bilinmekte. Ancak yoksulluk gibi yaygin, fakat dar bir anlayisla ele alinan sorun karsisinda bu tartisma ve yaklasimlarin sinirli kaldiklari da ortada. Ornegin yoksullukla ilgili tartismalarin cogunda yoksullukla bugunku ekonomik sistem ve politikalar arasinda iliski kurulmadigi, kisacasi kuresellesen kapitalizm gibi sisteme iliskin bir sorun olarak gorulmedigi gibi, insan haklari ile iliskisi de ulusal bir cercevede ele alinmaktadir. Kuresel duzeyde dusunulen care “insani yardimlar” olmakta, sorunu insan haklarina baglayanlar icin de ciliz uluslararasi yardimlarin artmasi asil mesele haline gelmektedir. Oysa yoksulluk karsisinda insan haklari yaklasimi, gerek anlayislardaki yetersizlik, gerek uygulamadan gelen sorunlar nedeniyle bircok zaaf icermektedir. Bu zaaflari irdelemeye calisirken, yoksullugun, ulusal/toplumsal zaaflara bagli bir mesele olmaktan cok, gunumuzdeki egemen sistemin neden oldugu kuresel ve ulusal “ekonomik adaletsizlik” olarak gorulmesi gerektiginin vurgulanmasina da ihtiyac var. Gunumuzun egemen anlayisinin henuz bu noktaya gelmekten uzak kaldigi dusunulurse, sorunu bu cercevede tartismanin oneminin buyuk oldugu da ortada. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yoksulluk, farkli yaklasimlar, insan haklari, sosyo-ekonomik haklar, ekonomik adaletsizlik Human Rights Discussions before Growing Poverty and Deprivation Problem Abstract: Meeting with growing poverty problem on the one hand and concentrating wealth on the other hand gives way the “discovering” of the poverty again, by the international organizations and by the global public. Therefore a lot of discussions go on, but they seem to be mostly restricted to this extended, but narrowly defined problem. Within this context UN tends to connect the poverty to the violation of human rights. But while most of the debates do not relate this problem to the current economic system and the policies, human rights approaches look generally at this problem within the national framework. In this manner, “human aids” become the essential remedy at the global level, the struggle with the poverty is linked to the acceptance of the socio-economic rights and waited from the constitutionalization of these rights. However; it is obvious that even after their constitutionalization, the realization of these rights meets several obstacles. As a conclusion, I tried to emphasize that poverty must be seen as the “economic injustice” at both level, global or national, caused mainly by the dominant economic system more than the problem of the inefficiencies at the national/social level, and sound solutions seem available after that. In spite of the fact that dominant understanding is far from coming to this point, it is worth discussing the problem from this point of view. Keywords: Poverty, different approaches, human rights, socio-economic rights, economic injustice