Comparison Materials of Bumper Beams for Passenger Cars Using Crash Analyses

Abstract

Frontal accidents, which account for most of the accident types to which passenger vehicles are subjected, emphasize the bumper component. The vehicle's radiator, cooling system, engine, and other components are all protected by the bumper part, thus it needs to be a part that can give safety and great energy absorption to stop any impacts. The material and design of the item are the two most crucial factors that must be improved to offer safety and maximum energy absorption. The goal of using less energy is to employ appropriate design and materials and provide transportation and consumption sites.Within the framework of this study, material optimization employing various materials and collision simulation analyses were done to maximize the collision endurance of the cars. The mesh structure was obtained using the Hypermesh tool, and the part design was produced using Catia V5. The simulation outputs were examined using Oasys-Suite, while the simulations themselves were examined using Ansys Ls-Dyna. Force-moment-time graphs, deformation, and stress data of the materials were obtained. According to the obtained results, the material expressed as MAT1 gave better results compared to the material expressed as MAT2 in terms of the material's resistance to deformation and its capacity to absorb impact energy.