Abstract
Because they can be obtained during the earliest developmental stage and they have the capability for self-renewal and indefinite expansion potential as well as the ability to differentiate in all somatic cell types, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have become important research sources in basic science. These scientific areas encompass human embryology, developmental genetics, and disease modeling as well as areas of applied science and medical therapy such as pharmacology, toxicology, and cellular therapy. Their therapeutic potential, on the other hand, still awaits major solution strategies for problems, including immune rejection, possibility tumor formation, and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-grade production among others. In the light of the contemporary literature and laboratory applications, we summarize and discuss the current level of laboratory practice and the problems and alternative solution strategies for using hESCs in clinical practice. We also take note of the novel tools generated from hESC technology.