Optimum Battery Design for a Residential Site with Rooftop PV Systems: A Case Study in Şanlıurfa Province in the Southeastern Region of Türkiye

Abstract

The global commitment to reducing carbon emissions remains a critical objective in mitigating the increasingly severe impacts of climate change. To achieve the net-zero emissions target by 2050, nations must implement comprehensive and urgent measures. Among the most significant strategies are the decarbonization of residential areas, minimizing reliance on fossil fuels, and expanding electricity generation from carbon-free renewable sources. Distributed energy resources (DERs) encompass small-scale technologies that generate, consume, or store electricity, and their effective management has become a key area of interest for researchers. Residential buildings equipped with rooftop photovoltaic (PV) panels can actively participate in the electricity market by integrating an energy storage system. This study aims to determine the optimal and economically viable battery storage capacity for a residential complex in Şanlıurfa, located in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. To achieve this, an optimization model is employed to develop an efficient charge-discharge strategy. Battery capacity optimization for renewable energy storage systems is a complex process that involves multiple considerations, including cost, efficiency, and system stability. The primary objective is to identify the optimal battery capacity that minimizes the electricity costs of the residential complex. Findings indicate that the most influential factors in battery capacity optimization are the cost of the energy storage system and electricity prices. Additionally, results demonstrate that an optimized operational strategy can significantly reduce overall system costs. This study contributes to sustainable energy management in residential areas and supports the reduction of carbon emissions by integrating distributed energy resources into the power grid.