Abstract
Microneedle (MNs)-based vaccine systems have emerged as a groundbreaking innovation in healthcare, presenting an alternative to conventional vaccine delivery approaches. This study provides an extensive review of the role of MNs in enhancing modern healthcare through improved vaccine delivery strategies, emphasizing advances, advantages, and challenges associated with the integration of MNs and vaccine development technologies. MN-based systems offer a novel approach for vaccine delivery that is associated with an enhanced immunogenic response, and improved vaccine formulation stability. These advantages position MN-based vaccine systems as a transformative solution for overcoming the limitations associated with conventional injection methods, potentially increasing patient compliance and broadening immunization coverage. However, the widespread adoption of MN-based vaccine systems faces several challenges, including scaled up MN production, maintaining formulation stability, ensuring regulatory compliance, and addressing safety concerns. Addressing these challenges requires collaborative activities among MN manufacturers, researchers, regulatory bodies, and healthcare providers to facilitate the successful development and implementation of this innovative technology that holds great promise for enhancing vaccine delivery, offering a more efficient, accessible approach to vaccination, and contributing to global public health initiatives.