Sewage Treatment Systems of Cruise Ships and The Parameters Affect on Dilution of Effluent at Sea

Abstract

Cruise ships play an inevitable role in tourism sector across the world. Increasing in cruise ship tourism accompanies with significant environmental problems. Due to both size of cruise ships and the amount of passengers and consumables, cruise ships have a great potential for producing considerable amounts of wastes. Various types of wastes are produced in cruise ships depending on the daily consumptions of these wastes. Sewage,
\nwhich consists mainly the toilet wastes, is the most important problem. Sewage contains various types of heavy metal, chemicals and pathogens that have harmful effects on marine species and ecosystem. Many national and international regulations and conventions are established in order to prevent the harmful effects of wastes. Studies on preventing and minimizing ship-related pollution contribute to both developing
\nnew waste management systems and forming new procedures for removing the wastes in both ship and port. In this study, Marine Sanitation Device (MSD) and Advanced Wastewater Treatment (AWT) and treatment procedures are investigated. ‘Dilution factor’ obtained by theoretical and experimental studies is explained in
\ndetail and variation of dilution factor depending on ship dimensions and velocity is investigated.