The Evaluation of the Spatial Design Order of Child Protection Centers with User Perception: The Case of Turkish Red Crescent Bağcılar Child Protection Center

Abstract

This study aims to contribute to child-centered architectural design by examining how disadvantaged children perceive and emotionally interpret the spaces they inhabit. Conducted at the Turkish Red Crescent European Side Child Protection Center, the research employed participatory qualitative methods—storytelling, model-making, and mapping—with two age groups (7–11 and 11–15). Findings show that experiences of deprivation and spatial instability heighten children’s sensitivity to safety, belonging, and control. Younger participants emphasized play, nature, and tangible spatial elements, while older children highlighted identity, social relations, and autonomy. Mapping data indicated that play and activity areas were perceived as safe and inclusive zones. Overall, the study demonstrates that disadvantaged children interpret space through emotional and social dimensions as much as physical characteristics. The findings underline the need for flexible, restorative, and inclusive spatial arrangements that support the resilience and psychological well-being of disadvantaged children.