The inhibitory effect of indisulam-coumarin combined therapy on glioblastoma multiforme

Abstract

Cancer is a disease that occurs due to irregular growth and proliferation of body cells and can be caused by many factors. One of these factors is carbonic anhydrase 9 (CAIX). While its expression is high in malignant cells, it is a molecule whose presence is difficult to detect in healthy tissues. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the fast-spreading brain cancers, and unlike healthy tissues, overexpressed CAIX in its cell receptors. Indisulam, one of the new-generation drug candidates for the treatment of solid tumours, is a type of CAIX inhibitor that affects cell division progression in human tumour cells. Similarly, it is known that coumarin, as one of the new-generation drugs in cancer treatment, is used together with chemotherapy. In this study, combined treatment of indisulam and coumarin was investigated on glioblastoma multiforme cells to evaluate their cytotoxicity, cell migration and antiproliferative effects. The effects of combined treatment on cell migration and proliferation were investigated with the IC50 values determined after the cytotoxicity test. As a result of the wound healing assay, it was determined that the control cells were closed by 69.6%, while the combined treatment closed the wound by 32% and seriously prevented cell migration. The percentage of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive cells decreased significantly after combined treatment, cell proliferation was 93% in the control group and 77% in the combined treatment group.