Journal Article

·2025 OPEN ACCESS

The Relationship between Self-Hate and Belongingness among Daughters and Their Mothers: A Dyadic Study

Yusuf Akyıl , Nursenem Sarı YTU , Beste Erdinç YTU , Şilan Duman YTU , Hazal Yağmur Çakır YTU , Feyza Bolat YTU , Nisanur Kurt YTU

Archives of Social and Educational Studies

Abstract

Intergenerational dynamics might strengthen family ties, which are formed by the reciprocal interaction of people's emotional experiences. Using a dyadic approach, this study sought to investigate the reciprocal relationships between mothers’ and daughters’ feelings of self-hate and belonging. There were 253 mother–adult daughter pairs (N = 506) in the study. Mothers averaged 47.97 years old (SD = 5.22), and daughters averaged 22.26 years old (SD = 7.25). To gauge the pertinent constructs, the Self-Hate Scale and the Belongingness Scale were used. Descriptive statistics, normality tests, reliability coefficients, correlation analysis, and the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model were used in a dual approach to data analysis. Mother and daughter self-hatred negatively predicted belongingness. As a partner effect, mothers’ self-hate predicts daughter belongingness, and daughter self-hate predicts mother belongingness. In this sense, it is evident that negative self-perceptions, such as self-hatred, can influence both the other person's emotional experience in a close relationship and the individual's psychological health. Therefore, it is advised that self-evaluation procedures and raising mutual emotional awareness be the main focus of interventions and preventive research aimed at improving the mother–daughter bond.

Keywords

Belongingness Daughter Dyad Reciprocal Feeling Scale (ratio) Reciprocity (cultural anthropology) Psychological intervention Psychology Social psychology Developmental psychology

Subject Areas

Attachment and Relationship Dynamics ·Social Psychology ·Social Sciences
Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development ·Clinical Psychology ·Social Sciences
Family Dynamics and Relationships ·Demography ·Social Sciences